閑來無事，今天我們一起來聊一聊**肥是什么!**肥的前身俗稱農家肥，是70、80年代人記憶中常用的一種農業生產肥料!是我國傳統農業中常用的肥料!而與弄加肥又有不同的是，**肥腐熟，蟲卵死亡率達到95%以上。在其成分包括以各種動物、植物殘體或代謝物組成，如人畜糞便、秸稈、動物殘體、屠宰場廢棄物等。另外還包括餅肥(菜籽餅、棉籽餅、豆餅、芝麻餅、蓖麻餅、茶籽餅等);堆肥;漚肥;廄肥;沼肥;綠肥等。主要是以供應**物質為手段，借此來改善土壤理化性能，促進植物生長及土壤生態系統的循環。

　　**肥主要來源于植物和(或)動物，施于土壤以提供植物營養為其主要功能的含碳物料。經生物物質、動植物廢棄物、植物殘體加工而來，消除了其中的有毒有害物質，富含大量有益物質，包括：多種**酸、肽類以及包括氮、磷、鉀在內的豐富的營養元素。不僅能為農作物提供全面營養，而且肥效長，可增加和更新土壤**質，促進微生物繁殖，改善土壤的理化性質和生物活性，是綠色食品生產的主要養分。

　　2021年6月份，我國發布實施了《**肥料》標準，這預示著國家將會打理推廣**肥來替代化肥!因此，在未來一段時間中，**肥生產企業將會迎來迸發前進的機會!

　　**肥是好氧發酵，需要氧氣的參與!

　　未發酵糞便，施入土壤中會發酵，產生熱量、有害氣體，有爛種子、燒根、燒苗現象，而且發酵時間長，產生肥害反而影響農作物生長，沒有發酵腐熟的農家**肥，施入土壤病蟲害較多，動物糞便里、農作物秸稈、下腳料里含有病菌、蟲卵、病毒，如果直接施入土壤，會在土壤中漫延、滋生、孵化，危害農作物生長，爆發病蟲害疫情。

　　在**肥發酵過程中，需要大量的氧氣參與。因此，**肥生產企業需要一些具有強制輸送氣體的設備，將氧氣注入發酵池中。因此，很多**肥廠家需要選購一臺或多臺中大型羅茨鼓風機!瑞柘環保作為羅茨鼓風機的生產廠家，曾多次為**肥生產企業提供了羅茨鼓風機!我們擁有一個專業的羅茨風機售后安裝維修服務團隊!竭誠歡迎您致電詢問羅茨風機的價格、保養、維修!

　　**肥發酵原理

　　腐熟的動物糞**肥一般需要兩個階段，即**次高溫堆肥腐熟發酵階段和第二次陳化階段。不穩定的**物通過腐熟過程，通過微生物作用下，轉化成穩定的腐殖質。其溫度變化可以界定是否腐熟。

　　第二階段：溫度初見減少，氧氣吸收率減少，臭味消失。相對于**次堆肥腐熟來說，不能沒有第二次堆肥，因為二次堆肥可以降解難降解的**物，嗜溫微生物菌落重新建立，從而有助于**肥腐熟、減少植物毒性物質和抑制病原菌。

　　**階段：通過配比原料基質，肥堆高氧吸收，產生高溫，可降解揮發性固體大量減少，臭味逐漸減少，肥堆顏色逐漸變化，需保持良好的曝氣和水分控制。

　　溫度升高階段：**肥腐熟溫度上升到45℃，主要以放線菌、菌和細菌為主，主要分解糖類和淀粉。甚至有源生物動物和動物參與。高溫階段：腐熟溫度達到45℃以上，嗜溫微生物被抑制，嗜熱主導。可溶解的**物繼續被氧化分解，復雜的**物(纖維素、半纖維素、蛋白質、木質素)也開始被分解。50℃左右(嗜熱菌和放線菌);60℃左右(嗜熱細菌和放線菌);70℃左右(大多微生物已經不能適應)。腐熟溫度為55℃，這是因為大多微生物在該溫度活躍，易分解**物，病菌、蟲卵、雜草種子大多數會被殺死。降溫階段：嗜溫微生物又開始大量繁殖，占據優勢，對殘余難分解的**物作進一步分解。此時微生物活性下降，堆肥腐熟需氧量減少，溫度下降，肥堆逐漸趨于穩定。

　　**肥發酵方法

　　厭氧發酵：在缺氧或無氧條件下,主要利用厭氧微生物進行的堆肥化過程。產物除腐殖質類**物、二氧化碳和甲烷外，還有氨、硫化氫和其他**酸等還原性物質。工藝簡單、不需進行通風,但反應速率緩慢，堆肥化周期較長。

　　好氧發酵：在人工控制和一定碳氮比例(C/N)、水分、溫度和通風的情況下，通過微生物將**質轉化為穩定的腐殖質的過程，這類堆肥無臭無蠅，反而有淡淡的泥土味。

　　**肥發酵工藝

　　靜態條垛堆肥：無需翻堆，能夠確保堆體有效的達到高溫和病原菌體滅活，縮短堆肥周期。

　　動態條垛堆肥：通過人工或機械定期翻堆，來確保堆體好氧狀態。

　　反應器堆肥：在一個容器或幾個容器進行，能夠有效的控制溫度，水分，從而監控堆肥發酵程度。

　　**肥的優點

　　與化肥相比，**肥營養元素要更齊全一些，市面上常見的**肥往往是一種或幾種元素組成的!**肥的使用可以解決土壤板結、提高植物的抗病蟲能力，減少病蟲害的發生!提高化肥成分的吸收率!同時，**農作物的收獲量與品質!

　　因此，相信未來很大一段時間會是**肥廠家發展的黃金時期!希望各位**肥生產企業老板可以抓住時機，擴大生產規模，提供產品質量!為我們中國的高效現代化農業發展貢獻一份力量!

　　Nothing to do. Today, let's talk about what organic fertilizer is! The predecessor of organic fertilizer, commonly known as farmyard manure, is a kind of agricultural production fertilizer commonly used in the memory of people in the 1970s and 1980s! It is a fertilizer commonly used in traditional agriculture in China! But different from adding fertilizer, the organic fertilizer is completely decomposed, and the mortality rate of insect eggs reaches more than 95%. Its components include various animal and plant residues or metabolites, such as human and animal feces, straw, animal residues, slaughterhouse waste, etc. In addition, it also includes cake fertilizer (rapeseed cake, cottonseed cake, bean cake, sesame cake, castor cake, tea seed cake, etc.); Composting; waterlogged compost; barnyard manure; Biogas fertilizer; Green manure, etc. It mainly uses the supply of organic matter as a means to improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, promote plant growth and the circulation of soil ecosystem.

　　Organic fertilizer mainly comes from plants and / or animals. It is a carbonaceous material applied to the soil to provide plant nutrition as its main function. It is processed from biological substances, animal and plant wastes and plant residues, which eliminates toxic and harmful substances, and is rich in a large number of beneficial substances, including a variety of organic acids, peptides and rich nutritional elements including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. It can not only provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, but also has long fertilizer efficiency. It can increase and renew soil organic matter, promote microbial reproduction, and improve the physical and chemical properties and biological activities of soil. It is the main nutrient in the production of green food.

　　In June 2021, China issued and implemented the standard of organic fertilizer, which indicates that the country will take care of and promote organic fertilizer to replace chemical fertilizer! Therefore, in the coming period of time, organic fertilizer production enterprises will usher in opportunities to advance!

　　Organic fertilizer is aerobic fermentation, which requires the participation of oxygen!

　　Unfermented feces, when applied to the soil, will ferment, produce heat, harmful gases, rotten seeds, roots and seedlings, and the fermentation time is long, which will produce fertilizer damage but affect the growth of crops. There is no fermented and rotten farmyard organic fertilizer, and there are many pests and diseases in the soil. There are germs, insect eggs and viruses in animal feces, crop straw and waste materials. If directly applied to the soil, they will spread, breed and hatch in the soil, Endanger the growth of crops and outbreak of diseases and pests.

　　In the process of organic fertilizer fermentation, a lot of oxygen is needed. Therefore, organic fertilizer production enterprises need some equipment with forced gas delivery to inject oxygen into the fermentation tank. Therefore, many organic fertilizer manufacturers need to choose one or more medium and large roots blowers! As the manufacturer of Roots blower, Ruizhe environmental protection has provided roots blower for organic fertilizer manufacturers for many times! We have a professional roots blower after-sales installation and maintenance service team! We sincerely welcome you to call us to inquire about the price, maintenance and repair of Roots blower!

　　Principle of organic fertilizer fermentation

　　Decomposed animal manure generally requires two stages, namely, the first high-temperature composting maturity fermentation stage and the second aging stage. Unstable organic matter is transformed into stable humus through the process of decomposition and under the action of microorganisms. Its temperature change can define whether it is decomposed.

　　Organic fertilizer fermentation

　　The second stage: the temperature decreases for the first time, the oxygen absorption rate decreases, and the odor disappears completely. Compared with the first composting, the second composting cannot be avoided, because the second composting can degrade the refractory organic matter and rebuild the thermophilic microbial colony, which is conducive to the maturity of organic fertilizer, reduce plant toxic substances and inhibit pathogenic bacteria.

　　The first stage: through proportioning the raw material matrix, the fertilizer pile can absorb high oxygen, produce high temperature, greatly reduce the degradable volatile solids, gradually reduce the odor, and gradually change the color of the fertilizer pile. It is necessary to maintain good aeration and water control.

　　Temperature rise stage: the decomposition temperature of organic fertilizer rises to 45 ℃, mainly actinomycetes, fungi and bacteria, mainly decomposing sugars and starch. Even active biological animals and animals participate. High temperature stage: when the decomposition temperature reaches above 45 ℃, thermophilic microorganisms are inhibited and thermophilic dominant. Soluble organics continue to be oxidized and decomposed, and complex organics (cellulose, hemicellulose, protein, lignin) also begin to be decomposed. About 50 ℃ (thermophilic fungi and actinomycetes); About 60 ℃ (thermophilic bacteria and actinomycetes); About 70 ℃ (most microorganisms can't adapt). The best ripening temperature is 55 ℃, because most microorganisms are the most active at this temperature, which is the easiest to decompose organic matter, and most bacteria, insect eggs, and weed seeds will be killed. Temperature reduction stage: thermophilic microorganisms began to proliferate in large numbers and occupy the advantage to further decompose the residual organic matter that is difficult to decompose. At this time, the microbial activity decreases, the oxygen demand of compost decomposition decreases, the temperature decreases, and the compost gradually tends to be stable.

　　Organic fertilizer fermentation method

　　Anaerobic fermentation: under anoxic or anaerobic conditions, the composting process mainly uses anaerobic microorganisms. In addition to humus organic matter, carbon dioxide and methane, the final products also include ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and other organic acids. The process is simple without ventilation, but the reaction rate is slow and the composting cycle is long.

　　Aerobic fermentation: under the condition of manual control and a certain carbon / nitrogen ratio (c/n), moisture, temperature and ventilation, the process of transforming organic matter into stable humus by microorganisms. This kind of compost has no odor and flies, but a faint earthy smell.

　　Organic fertilizer fermentation process

　　Static strip composting: without turning the pile, it can ensure that the pile can effectively reach high temperature and inactivate pathogenic bacteria, and shorten the composting cycle.

　　Dynamic strip composting: regularly turn the pile manually or mechanically to ensure the aerobic state of the pile.

　　Reactor composting: it is carried out in one container or several containers, which can effectively control the temperature and moisture, so as to monitor the fermentation degree of composting.

　　Advantages of organic fertilizer

　　Compared with chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer has more complete nutritional elements. The common organic fertilizer on the market is often composed of one or several elements! The use of organic fertilizer can solve soil hardening, improve plant disease and insect resistance, and reduce the occurrence of diseases and pests! Improve the absorption rate of chemical fertilizer ingredients! At the same time, improve the harvest and quality of crops!

　　Therefore, I believe that the future will be a golden period for the development of organic fertilizer manufacturers for a long time! I hope that the owners of organic fertilizer production enterprises can seize the opportunity to expand production scale and provide product quality! Contribute to the development of efficient and modern agriculture in China!